Search results for "Restricted range"
showing 4 items of 4 documents
Disentangling the effects of optimism and attributions on feelings of success
2014
Two experiments examined the effects of dispositional optimism and attributions on feelings of success in a performance setting. In Experiment 1, participants successfully solved three cognitive tasks and attributed the success either internally (i.e., to themselves) or externally (i.e., to a teammate). We found no effect of optimism, but a significant effect of the attribution: Internal attribution predicted an increase in feelings of success. In Experiment 2, we replicated the design and adopted an extreme groups approach in order to include the extremes of the optimism dimension. Only optimism affected feelings of success in this sample: Pessimistic participants showed higher increases i…
Female brown bears use areas with infanticide risk in a spatially confined population
2020
Areas used by female brown bears (Ursus arctos) with cubs-of-the-year (hereafter, FCOY) during the first months after den exit are crucial for offspring survival, primarily because of the risk of infanticide by male bears. Therefore, FCOY may avoid areas frequented by adult males during the mating season. The main aim of this study was to identify landscape features (i.e., structure, composition, and human footprint) that may differentiate the habitat use of FCOY in the small bear population of the Cantabrian Mountains (northwestern Spain; 2001–2016) from (a) areas frequented by females with yearlings, because older cubs are at less risk of infanticide than cubs-of-the-year, and (b) bear ma…
The Adequate Stimulus
2008
The term adequate stimulus describes that class of environmental phenomena that requires the least amount of energy to elicit a percept mediated by a particular sensory system, implying that the receptive organs of that sensory system are specialized to detect those phenomena. It was difficult to transfer this concept to the perception of pain and to the nociceptive system. Many different stimuli may cause pain (pin prick, burn injury, freeze injury, inflammation, etc.), none of which needs particularly low amounts of energy. The common denominator of those stimuli is that they threaten to cause tissue damage (in Greek: νoξη Noxe). Hence the adequate stimulus to elicit pain is traditionally…
Zero Temperature Magnetoresistance of the HF Metal: Enigma of $$\mathrm{Sr}_{3}\mathrm{Ru}_{2}\mathrm{O}_{7}$$
2014
To understand the nature of field-tuned metamagnetic quantum criticality in the ruthenate \(\mathrm{Sr}_{3}\mathrm{Ru}_{2}\mathrm{O}_{7}\) is one of the significant challenges in the condensed matter physics. It is established experimentally that the entropy has a peak in the ordered phase. It is unexpectedly higher than that outside latter phase, while the magnetoresistivity varies abruptly near the ordered phase boundary. We demonstrate unexpected similarity between \(\mathrm{Sr}_{3}\mathrm{Ru}_{2}\mathrm{O}_{7}\) and HF metals expressing universal physics that transcends microscopic details. Our \(T-B\) phase diagram of \(\mathrm{Sr}_{3}\mathrm{Ru}_{2}\mathrm{O}_{7}\) explains main featu…